Hi @Determined
You are such a good parent seeking the best of care and welfare for your children.
How do parents help to support children to reduce the risk of mental illness in later life? A difficult one as my daughter received a lot of love, care and good parenting but still suffered mental health issues as a result of bullying and sexual abuse outside the home which lead to low self esteem in her, self destructive ways and instability. And I agree with @Appleblossom - that society does seem to approve certain bad behaviour in adolescents which makes it harder for parents to protect from the consequences and enhance respect for themselves and others. We as parents experienced this difficulty also.
I didn't have a good childhood (my mother was mentally ill), and believe what would of helped to protect me from the consequential psychological suffering would of been parenting or attention from another caregivers that enhanced:-
. My self esteem and worth
. Feeling safe and loved
. Being listened to
. Talking to me
. Reading me stories
. spending time with me and playing with me
. encouraging My strengths and self belief
. "Never arguing or yelling in front of me" ( causes anxiety in children )
. Feeling accepted warts and all
. Being there when I felt alone
. Encouraging me to talk without judgement or chastisement
. Providing healthy diet and promoting sport
. Taking me places and doing things with me having fun and making good memories
. Spending quality time with me
. Believing in me
. Letting me know there are solutions to problems with the example of a positive outlook and actions. Teaching coping abilities to overcome the hurdles in life
. teaching with example right from wrong; to respect myself and others (my mother had none for herself)
. Not drink heavily in front of me
. Not expressing disappointment in me personally for not living up to expectations ( expressing disappoint with bad behaviour is alright)
. Showing kindness and patience
. Reassuring all will be alright
. Hiding anger, negative attitudes and anguish from me (effects children if happening too much)
. Needed to be told that they loved me
. Open Communication
. Show affection
. Hugs
And the best one - laughing with me. A sense of humour gives life zest and a protection from depression at any age. I received none of the above good as a child. As a consequence also I had very few good memories to look back on to get me through dark periods in my life and no real example of coping strategies to deal with life's bumps - that makes one more prone to mental disorders. I was a very resilient person as a result of surviving what I did though.
My father was good but rarely home and when he was could not express himself and that included telling me he loved me. I was never hugged. I was never congratulated for coming first in the class in grade 6 (which they did in those days) or when I was offered a scholarship in high school. Not even a "well done". Never showed affection to me or each other.
The above in my humble opinion would give children the best start in life, which I am sure you are already doing. It's a tall order and very hard to juggle in this day and age of high stress and little time. All we can do is our best. You are doing just that in a very difficult situation. And doing well. Love will win out in the end. Hope this helped.
.