WillySenior Contributor
Speaking Out - Part 1
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//Trigger Warning - This post contains information about disturbing mental health practices and atrocities that are taking place in Australia. Please do not read this post if you think it is likely to upset or trigger you.
SANE administration issues
I appear to have become somewhat unpopular with the SANE administration since initiating discussions on mental health reform and participating in the SANE organisation's National Standards audit. I am attempting to resolve these issues with the administration off line so I will refrain from any detailed discussion about them here other than to say that I understand, respect and fully support the need for the SANE organisation to conduct a safe, respectful community that protects the anonymity of its members. I also think it is important to protect members who for one reason or another don't wish to become involved in these sorts of issues. These are some of the issues that I am attempting to discuss with the management.
Declaration of War
Throughout this year I have become increasingly aware of what could well be described as a world wide mental health war. I am calling this a battle between the “Traditionalist” and "Progressive” schools of mental health.
Traditionalist View explained
The traditionalist view is based on the idea that mental illness is a physical disease caused by an imbalance of brain chemistry. To treat this disease it is necessary for a medical specialist to diagnose the type of mental illness and then treat it. Treatment is typically carried out using one or more types of psychiatric medications that are prescribed and monitored by a medical specialist such as a psychiatrist.
There are also other sorts of treatment less commonly used in Australia such as ECT (electro-convulsive therapy) and psychosurgery which involves cutting out a part of a persons brain . These latter practices are banned in many countries but are still being legally carried out in some states of Australia and can be done under an Involuntary Treatment Order. (Ref 1)
The pure traditionalist view does not recognise|
• The need for therapy or related life skills training
• That social factors such as freedom from discrimination and violence, friends family, peer support and jobs, adequate income, housing etc effect mental health.
The main argument against the traditionalist view is that the chemical imbalance, brain disease theory of mental illness has never been proven to be valid. This misinformation has been known about for many years but the myth has persisted because the pharmaceutical companies have used it as a part of their media propaganda campaign to sell their products. Vast amounts of money have been spent promoting this view which has now become deeply entrenched in many peoples belief systems. (Ref 2, 3)
Progressive View explained
The progressive view has been driven by psychological research in universities around the world. This research is often described as evidence based because theories are tested and the results are usually subject to critical peer review before they are published. As a result there has been large developments in the psychological and sociological approach to mental health which includes the following
• Diagnosis of mental illness into a wide range of “diseases” has been found to be invalid and more or less meaningless. Diagnosis is also considered by some to be stigmatising.(Ref 4, 5)
• Psychiatric medication is recognised as being helpful for many people but often has unwanted side affects. There is little evidence that it corrects any underlying biological abnormality. It can also have significant negative long term affects. It works reasonably well at controlling symptoms only for about 20% of people who use it. (Ref 6)
In the Progressive model, mental health problem are considered to be the result of
• Life events and trauma
• Difficult Relationships
• Inequality, poverty, racism and discrimination etc
Solutions include
• Basic needs such as housing, money, jobs, good food
• Emotional support is considered very important
• Various types of therapy and life skills training
The United Nations Special Rapporteur on Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment has called for a ban on forced psychiatric treatment including drugging, ECT (electro-convulsive therapy), psychosurgery, restraint and seclusion. (Ref 6, 7)
Australia has one of the worst records of any country in the world for involuntary treatment and confinement. Here are the numbers of community treatment orders for each state with Victoria topping the list. These tribunals, particularly in Victoria must be a virtual production line. These figures are from 2010/2011. There doesn’t appear to be anything more recently available which suggests that things may have got worse rather than better. Another point to keep in mind is that many people who are threatened with an involuntary treatment order accept voluntary treatment rather than go through the hassle of dealing with a tribunal so the real number of involuntary treatments are probably much greater than these figures indicate.
Vic 5521
NSW 3377
Qld 2822
SA 847
WA 972
NT 129
Tas 154
Total 13, 822
Community Treatment Orders Per Year for 2010/2011 (Ref 8 )
The main argument against the progressive view is that it does not provide the simple “just pop a pill” solution that many consumers would like. Another problem is the fragmentation of resources and information. There are many small groups working out of different universities around the world. A lot of worthwhile research goes unnoticed, except by other academics and a lot of this material is difficult to access and understand. Academia is no match for the sophisticated marketing machines of the multinational pharmaceutical companies.
Conference of the Clueless
I don’t think too many people disagree these days that the mental health system throughout Australia is a mess. In September this year I attended a lavish la-de-da mental health reform conference in Melbourne. From memory it cost about $600 a ticket but I was offered a freebie by one of the reform organisations that I am endeavouring to collaborate with. The Victorian Minister for Mental Health, the Hon Gabrielle Williams stood up on the podium and told us all in her best Pollyanna voice that everything would be wonderful from hereon in. At about the same time one of the members of this forum, who I believe resides in Victoria, was going through a horrendous and in my opinion, completely unjustifiable ordeal with yet another tribunal hearing for an Involuntary Treatment Order (ITO).
Everything is “wonderful” indeed. While all the grandiose inspiring speeches were going on inside the conference hall, out in the corridors there was much wailing and gnashing of teeth as the real stories were being told. There were a lot of people at this conference running around suggesting or demanding that the Victorian government pass new legislation and/or spend more money on new projects etc but not one person I spoke to really seemed to understand the reason behind all the problems. It is impossible to solve a problem if you don't first understand what the problem is.
Which side are people on?
At the very centre of this “war” are people like ourselves who have significant mental health issues that often include psychotic tendencies. Close by are the friends and families who often standby helplessly watching the suffering we endure and are at a loss to know what to do about it. The magnitude of the problem only starts to become apparent with the knowledge that in Australia, about 20% or 1 in 5 people will experience mental health problems of one sort or another in any one year. This number rises steeply if you look at the number of people who experience mental health problems throughout their life time. These figures seem to be fairly similar to other developed countries.
Public Ignorance
In my opinion there is a massive amount of public ignorance surrounding the entire field of mental health. At the same time there is an enormous amount of highly credible research that has taken place over the last thirty years or so that many, perhaps most are quite oblivious to.
Are the Traditionalist Ahead ?
A 2007 survey in the US suggests that more than 80% of the population believe that mental illness was a physical disease caused by an imbalance of brain chemistry. (Ref 2)
This is an old survey and that number has probably decreased somewhat but it still suggests that the traditionalist school of mental health remains significantly predominant. This explains why government led reforms have stalled and will continue to do so until public perceptions change significantly. .
No Political Will
Australia is a democratic society and that requires a majority of people to be in agreement to get things changed. To be more pragmatic about it, a politician's highest priority is usually to win votes so as to keep their job. While the government know they should act for ethical reasons, to do so at the moment would be likely to cost votes, hence no political will.
Danger To Society
Out of fear or ignorance, large numbers of people are opposed to changing things that would in their minds allow vast numbers of crazy people to run amok in the community. There is no evidence to support this fear. All the research seems to suggest that people who suffer from psychosis, i.e act in a crazy manner, are no more likely to harm others than anyone else in the community. Psychotic people are very much more likely to be subjected to violence and abuse including violence from police and other authorities. (Ref 6)
Revealing The Ugly Truth
I believe very few of the general population know about what is actually going on with mental health services in Australia particularly in regard to things like involuntary treatment and confinement. I think most people would be horrified to find out the truth. I see it as our job to tell them and raise awareness to bring about change.
continued in part 2...
Link to part 2